Case library · Unofficial English translation · Glossary

How Chinese cities are reusing
inefficient land

Twenty-nine case studies from the 2026 national collection on revitalizing existing and inefficiently used land — from aerospace parks on old textile sites to a soy sauce brewery that bought out its neighbours. Each case is translated in full, with its location, key figures and the land and planning tools it used.

Cases
29
Provinces
19
Themes
6
Land covered
29 km²

Geographic spread

Where the cases are located

Province-level administrative boundaries come from the site's local China boundary dataset; points show the case cities.

Points mark the city of each case, not the exact site. The boundary geometry is loaded locally; no third-party basemap tiles are used.

Clear

Industrial Land Upgrading

Old or low-density industrial land rebuilt for more productive industry, usually at a higher floor area ratio.

12 cases

Liangxi District, Wuxi, Jiangsu · 3,735 mu · 249 ha

Industrial Upgrading of the Yangming Aerospace Industrial Park, Wuxi

无锡市扬名空天产业园产业升级

A 3,735-mu traditional industrial cluster in central Wuxi was consolidated by the district government and rebuilt by a state-owned platform as an "industrial community" for commercial aerospace. Multi-storey "skyscraper factories" raised the park-wide floor area ratio from under 0.8 to over 2.5, while tax revenue per mu tripled.

Park-wide floor area ratio below 0.8 → above 2.5

Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang · 547 mu · 36.5 ha

Transformation of the Hangzhou Iron & Steel Banshan Base, Hangzhou

杭州市杭钢半山基地转型发展

After its steel lines closed in 2016, Hangzhou Iron & Steel Group redeveloped 547 mu of its retained land into a computing and data-centre cluster. Fragmented allocated and leased parcels were re-plotted and transferred back to the group by agreement under new planning conditions, ending what the case calls an "institutional freeze" on the land.

Floor area ratio, IT innovation centre 0.7 → 1.5

Jin'an District, Fuzhou, Fujian · 5,325 mu · 355 ha

Upgrading the Fuxing Economic Development Zone, Fuzhou

福州市福兴经济开发区提质增效

A 30-year-old development zone in central Fuzhou, 80% built out, revitalized 1,100 mu of inefficient land without new construction-land quotas. Tools included a parcel-by-parcel data base, property-for-property swaps for expropriated warehouse owners, tiered 20–50-year industrial land leases and a much faster approval process.

Industrial output per mu 3.67 → 4.73 CNY million

Caofeidian New City, Tangshan, Hebei · 168 mu · 11.2 ha

Qinglong Lake Data Ecosystem Centre, Caofeidian, Tangshan

唐山市青龙湖数据生态中心改造升级

Land next to an oilfield production area, hemmed in by well sites and pipelines and left undeveloped, was taken back into the government reserve and rezoned as new-type industrial land combining research and manufacturing. Multi-storey factories cut the building footprint by about 77% compared with conventional single-storey layouts; more than 40 firms have moved in.

Factory footprint vs. conventional layout 73,736 → 16,936 m²

Nankang District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi · 940 mu · 62.7 ha

Upgrading Old Furniture Industry Clusters in Nankang District, Ganzhou

赣州市南康区老旧家具产业集聚区集约提质

Three self-built furniture workshop clusters of tin sheds on 5–10-mu plots were re-plotted from 66 scattered holdings into 60 regular parcels. A transparent "land-share ratio" formula gave each firm net land in proportion to what it originally occupied, after deducting roads and fire lanes, so that firms could rebuild multi-storey factories themselves.

Average floor area ratio 0.5 → 2.0

Hejiang County, Luzhou, Sichuan · 698 mu · 46.5 ha

Revitalizing the Xianshi Soy Sauce Factory, Luzhou

泸州市先市酱油厂升级焕新

A heritage-listed soy sauce brewery in a Sichuan market town expanded by buying out neighbouring vacant houses and a disused state grain depot, and by acquiring small leftover plots by agreement. Residential and public-service land was rezoned to industrial land with 30% commercial use allowed, linking brewing, a museum, homestays and an old-street tourism district.

Phase 1 output 1,000 → 2,000 tonnes per year

Shengshan Town, Cixi, Ningbo, Zhejiang · 48.2 mu · 3.21 ha

Joint Redevelopment of the Shengshan Innovation Park, Cixi, Ningbo

宁波市胜山创新园区联合改造

Three neighbouring bicycle-parts makers merged six small industrial parcels into one, rebuilt them together as multi-storey factories and shared roads, fire lanes and green space. Lease terms were aligned to a single expiry date, and after completion each building received its own title with shared land apportioned by floor area.

Floor area ratio 0.8 → 2.72

Chidian, Jinjiang, Quanzhou, Fujian · 206 mu · 13.8 ha

Parcel Merger and Term Extension for the Anta Jinjiang Smart Industrial Park, Quanzhou

泉州市安踏(中国)有限公司并宗开发

Sportswear maker Anta merged five adjacent industrial parcels bought between 2005 and 2024. A Jinjiang rule let the merged site take the longest remaining term (to 2074) rather than the shortest, for a top-up premium of CNY 6.4 million, and planning indicators were balanced across the merged site, raising the floor area ratio from 1.4 to 4.0.

Floor area ratio 1.4 → 4.0

Zhiqian Town, Jintan District, Changzhou, Jiangsu · 500 mu · 33.3 ha

Linking Rural Industries "Like Beads on a String" in Zhiqian Town, Jintan, Changzhou

常州市金坛区乡村产业“串珠成链”

A long, narrow crab-farming town with scattered small plots outside the urban development boundary revived about 500 mu of old village-enterprise land through 16 projects. Five industrial nodes along roads and rivers link processing, cold chain and logistics to the crab ponds; some collective land was contributed as equity, giving villages a share of rents.

Investment intensity 1.5 → 3.0 CNY million per mu

Yinan Economic Development Zone, Linyi, Shandong · 199 mu · 13.3 ha

Clearing and Redeveloping a Court-frozen Steel Pipe Plant in the Kelute Area, Yinan, Linyi

临沂市科鲁特片区腾退整备

A bankrupt steel pipe plant's 199-mu site was frozen by repeated court seizures. A county state-owned company bought the bank debt, had the court auction the land, won it, then subdivided it for four new manufacturers — all in production within 18 months of launch.

Floor area ratio 0.3 → above 1.2

Zhaijia Town, Linyi County, Dezhou, Shandong · 176 mu · 11.7 ha

Demolition and Renovation of a Bankrupt Packaging Plant for the Zhuoyue New Materials Industrial Park, Dezhou

德州市卓越高新材料产业园拆改结合

A new-materials company bought all the assets of a bankrupt packaging firm by negotiation, then had a court confirm the sale and lift encumbrances so title could be transferred. Existing buildings were assessed one by one — some kept and refitted, most rebuilt — and the project started construction 45 days after obtaining the land.

Floor area ratio below 0.3 → 1.02

Xiangtan Economic Development Zone, Xiangtan, Hunan · 1,510 mu · 100.7 ha

Revitalizing the Bankrupt Taifu Heavy Industry Site for Zoomlion, Xiangtan

湘潭市泰富重工整备焕新

A 1,510-mu heavy-machinery plant left empty by bankruptcy was taken over through court-supervised restructuring by Zoomlion, a firm whose products could use the existing sheds. Missing drawings and approvals were retro-fitted, and indicators were balanced across the area so a noisy test track could be moved away from homes — saving 300 mu of new land.

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